广告

车规芯片的AEC-Q100测试标准

2023-07-03 汽车电子与软件 阅读:
满足AEC-Q100仅仅只是车规芯片的第一步,其实要求真正的达到车规芯片的质量,还需要从设计开发流程体系,生产制造体系各个方面来把控,才能真正的满足汽车的质量要求。
最近这小半年一直在弄跟芯片相关的一些工作,并且由于缺芯的原因,现在关于芯片的话题也确实很火,但是一般都集中在更为高层的设计,更为上游的制造,更为高大上的产业链布局。但是对于没有半点芯片知识的我等普通工程师来讲,搞点接地气的内容自学一下,还是更符合当前绝大多数人的一些状态。
在我刚入职的时候,就知道车规芯片是需要满足AECQ标准的,所以在进行芯片选型的时候,需要什么类型的芯片,就让对应的芯片公司的销售给出一些推荐,我再从中进行选择。但是却从来没去具体了解过AECQ标准具体是什么标准,这一晃就是十年过去了,欠下的债现在还。

 AOwednc

 AOwednc

AOwednc

AOwednc

汽车半导体器件的标准AOwednc

AEC其实是Automotive Electronics Council汽车电子协会的简称,并且AECQ标准包括以下几个领域,对于不同领域的电子器件,适用于不同的标准。目前见到的比较多的是AEC-Q100、AEC-Q101、AEC-Q200。

标准类别AOwednc

适用领域AOwednc

AEC-Q100AOwednc

集成电路ICAOwednc

AEC-Q101AOwednc

分立器件AOwednc

AEC-Q102AOwednc

离散光电LEDAOwednc

AEC-Q103AOwednc

传感器AOwednc

AEC-Q104AOwednc

多芯片组件AOwednc

AEC-Q200AOwednc

被动器件AOwednc

 AOwednc

 AOwednc

 AOwednc

AOwednc

AOwednc

AEC-Q100的子标准AOwednc

类似于一般汽车零部件的DV测试,AECQ标准其实也就是一种对芯片本身的设计认可的测试标准,分为不同的测试序列,对芯片进行不同维度的测试。
由于最火热的芯片是目前全国甚至全世界的焦点,就先来看看关于芯片的测试标准。AEC-Q100一共分为13个子标准,分别是AEC-Q100主标准和从001到012的12个子标准。

标准编号AOwednc

标准名AOwednc

中文含义AOwednc

AEC-Q100 Rev-HAOwednc

Failure Mechanism Based Stress Test Qualification For Integrated  Circuits(base documentAOwednc

基于集成电路应力测试认证的失效机理AOwednc

AEC-Q100-001AOwednc

Wire Bond Shear TestAOwednc

邦线切应力测试AOwednc

AEC-Q100-002AOwednc

Human Body Model (HBM) Electrostatic Discharge TestAOwednc

人体模式静电放电测试AOwednc

AEC-Q100-003AOwednc

Machine Model (MM) Electrostatic Discharge TestAOwednc

机械模式静电放电测试AOwednc

AEC-Q100-004AOwednc

IC Latch-Up TestAOwednc

集成电路闩锁效应测试AOwednc

AEC-Q100-005AOwednc

Non-Volatile Memory Program/Erase Endurance, Data Retention, and  Operational Life TestAOwednc

非易失性存储程序/擦除耐久性、数据保持及工作寿命的测试AOwednc

AEC-Q100-006AOwednc

Electro-Thermally Induced Parasitic Gate Leakage Test (GL)AOwednc

热电效应引起的寄生门极漏电流测试AOwednc

AEC-Q100-007AOwednc

Fault Simulation and Test GradingAOwednc

故障仿真和测试等级AOwednc

AEC-Q100-008AOwednc

Early Life Failure Rate (ELFR)AOwednc

早期寿命失效率AOwednc

AEC-Q100-009AOwednc

Electrical Distribution AssessmentAOwednc

电分配的评估AOwednc

AEC-Q100-010AOwednc

Solder Ball Shear TestAOwednc

锡球剪切测试AOwednc

AEC-Q100-011AOwednc

Charged Device Model (CDM) Electrostatic Discharge TestAOwednc

带电器件模式的静电放电测试AOwednc

AEC-Q100-012AOwednc

Short Circuit Reliability Characterization of Smart Power Devices  for 12V SystemsAOwednc

12V 系统灵敏功率设备的短路可靠性描述AOwednc

 AOwednc

AOwednc

AOwednc

测试序列及测试内容AOwednc

如同DV测试的序列和分类,芯片的测试认证一共包括7个序列,分别如下,而这七个序列的测试也是分别引用AEC-Q100中定义的那些测试方法。

测试序列AAOwednc

环境压力加速测试,Accelerated Environment StressAOwednc

测试序列BAOwednc

使用寿命模拟测试,Accelerated Lifetime SimulationAOwednc

测试序列CAOwednc

封装组装整合测试,Package Assembly IntegrityAOwednc

测试序列DAOwednc

芯片晶圆可靠度测试,Die Fabrication ReliabilityAOwednc

测试序列EAOwednc

电气特性确认测试,Electrical VerificationAOwednc

测试序列FAOwednc

瑕疵筛选监控测试,Defect ScreeningAOwednc

测试序列GAOwednc

封装凹陷整合测试,Cavity Package IntegrityAOwednc

芯片的测试也是有一定的测试顺序,这个顺序在AEC-Q100的标准中也是有所定义的。一共7个测试序列,按照两个层级一共加起来42个测试项目,这些测试项目并不是适用于所有IC,需要根据IC的种类进行适配性的测试,也需要根据芯片的温度等级来进行测试条件的修改。
而测试温度也就是通常所说的Grade等级。在汽车芯片里,分为4个温度等级,分别如下:
对于每个测试序列中的详细测试项目,也在AEC-Q100标准中有详细的描述,并且每种测试的测试时间也根据Grade等级给出了不同的要求。在AEC-Q100的测试中,对于序列A中,测试的样品数很多都是77个,并且要求0 Fails,这就极大增加了芯片测试的置信度。

 AOwednc

TEST GROUP A –  ACCELERATED ENVIRONMENT STRESS TESTSAOwednc

#AOwednc

STRESSAOwednc

ABVAOwednc

SAMPLE SIZE /  LOTAOwednc

A1AOwednc

PreconditioningAOwednc

PCAOwednc

77AOwednc

A2AOwednc

Temperature  Humidity-Bias or Biased HASTAOwednc

THB or HASTAOwednc

77AOwednc

A3AOwednc

Autoclave or  Unbiased HAST or Temperature Humidity (without Bias)AOwednc

AC or UHST or THAOwednc

77AOwednc

A4AOwednc

Temperature  CyclingAOwednc

TCAOwednc

77AOwednc

A5AOwednc

Power  Temperature CyclingAOwednc

PTCAOwednc

45AOwednc

A6AOwednc

High  Temperature Storage LifeAOwednc

HTSLAOwednc

45AOwednc

TEST GROUP B –  ACCELERATED LIFETAOwednc

#AOwednc

STRESSAOwednc

ABVAOwednc

SAMPLE SIZE /  LOTAOwednc

B1AOwednc

High  Temperature Operating LifeAOwednc

HTOLAOwednc

77AOwednc

B2AOwednc

Early Life  Failure RateAOwednc

ELFRAOwednc

800AOwednc

B3AOwednc

NVM Endurance,  Data Retention, and Operational LifeAOwednc

EDRAOwednc

77AOwednc

TEST GROUP C –  PACKAGE ASSEMBLY INTEGRITY TESTSAOwednc

#AOwednc

STRESSAOwednc

ABVAOwednc

SAMPLE SIZE /  LOTAOwednc

C1AOwednc

Wire Bond  ShearAOwednc

WBSAOwednc

30 bonds from a minimum of 5 devicesAOwednc

C2AOwednc

Wire Bond PullAOwednc

WBPAOwednc

C3AOwednc

SolderabilityAOwednc

SDAOwednc

15AOwednc

C4AOwednc

Physical  DimensionsAOwednc

PDAOwednc

10AOwednc

C5AOwednc

Solder Ball  ShearAOwednc

SBSAOwednc

5 balls from a min. of 10 devicesAOwednc

C6AOwednc

Lead IntegrityAOwednc

LIAOwednc

from each 10 leadsAOwednc
 of 5 parts
AOwednc

TEST GROUP D –  DIE FABRICATION RELIABILITY TESTSAOwednc

#AOwednc

STRESSAOwednc

ABVAOwednc

SAMPLE SIZE /  LOTAOwednc

D1AOwednc

ElectromigrationAOwednc

EMAOwednc

---AOwednc

D2AOwednc

Time Dependent  Dielectric BreakdownAOwednc

TDDBAOwednc

---AOwednc

D3AOwednc

Hot Carrier  InjectionAOwednc

HCIAOwednc

---AOwednc

D4AOwednc

Negative Bias  Temperature InstabilityAOwednc

NBTIAOwednc

---AOwednc

D5AOwednc

Stress  MigrationAOwednc

SMAOwednc

---AOwednc

TEST GROUP E –  ELECTRICAL VERIFICATION TESTSAOwednc

#AOwednc

STRESSAOwednc

ABVAOwednc

SAMPLE SIZE /  LOTAOwednc

E1AOwednc

Pre- and  Post-Stress Function/ParameterAOwednc

TESTAOwednc

AllAOwednc

E2AOwednc

Electrostatic Discharge  Human Body ModelAOwednc

HBMAOwednc

See Test MethodAOwednc

E3AOwednc

Electrostatic  Discharge Charged Device ModelAOwednc

CDMAOwednc

See Test MethodAOwednc

TEST GROUP E –  ELECTRICAL VERIFICATION TESTS (CONTINUED)AOwednc

#AOwednc

STRESSAOwednc

ABVAOwednc

SAMPLE SIZE /  LOTAOwednc

E4AOwednc

Latch-UpAOwednc

LUAOwednc

6AOwednc

E5AOwednc

Electrical DistributionsAOwednc

EDAOwednc

30AOwednc

E6AOwednc

Fault GradingAOwednc

FGAOwednc

---AOwednc

E7AOwednc

CharacterizationAOwednc

CHARAOwednc

---AOwednc

E9AOwednc

Electromagnetic  CompatibilityAOwednc

EMCAOwednc

1AOwednc

E10AOwednc

Short Circuit  CharacterizationAOwednc

SCAOwednc

10AOwednc

E11AOwednc

Soft Error  RateAOwednc

SERAOwednc

3AOwednc

E12AOwednc

Lead (Pb) FreeAOwednc

LFAOwednc

See Test MethodAOwednc

TEST GROUP F –  DEFECT SCREENING TESTSAOwednc

#AOwednc

STRESSAOwednc

ABVAOwednc

SAMPLE SIZE /  LOTAOwednc

F1AOwednc

Process  Average TestingAOwednc

PATAOwednc

---AOwednc

F2AOwednc

Statistical  Bin/Yield AnalysisAOwednc

SBAAOwednc

---AOwednc

TEST GROUP G –  CAVITY PACKAGE INTEGRITY TESTSAOwednc

#AOwednc

STRESSAOwednc

ABVAOwednc

SAMPLE SIZE /  LOTAOwednc

G1AOwednc

Mechanical  ShockAOwednc

MSAOwednc

15AOwednc

G2AOwednc

Variable  Frequency VibrationAOwednc

VFVAOwednc

15AOwednc

G3AOwednc

Constant  AccelerationAOwednc

CAAOwednc

15AOwednc

G4AOwednc

Gross/Fine  LeakAOwednc

GFLAOwednc

15AOwednc

G5AOwednc

Package DropAOwednc

DROPAOwednc

5AOwednc

G6AOwednc

Lid TorqueAOwednc

LTAOwednc

5AOwednc

G7AOwednc

Die ShearAOwednc

DSAOwednc

5AOwednc

G8AOwednc

Internal Water  VaporAOwednc

IWVAOwednc

5AOwednc

 AOwednc

AOwednc

总结AOwednc

满足AEC-Q100仅仅只是车规芯片的第一步,其实要求真正的达到车规芯片的质量,还需要从设计开发流程体系,生产制造体系各个方面来把控,才能真正的满足汽车的质量要求。
责编:Ricardo
文章来源及版权属于汽车电子与软件,EDN电子技术设计仅作转载分享,对文中陈述、观点判断保持中立,不对所包含内容的准确性、可靠性或完整性提供任何明示或暗示的保证。如有疑问,请联系Demi.xia@aspencore.com
汽车电子与软件
汽车电子与软件
  • 微信扫一扫
    一键转发
  • 最前沿的电子设计资讯
    请关注“电子技术设计微信公众号”
广告
广告
热门推荐
广告
广告
EE直播间
在线研讨会
广告
面包芯语
广告
向右滑动:上一篇 向左滑动:下一篇 我知道了